{"id":295936,"date":"2021-09-29T08:30:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-29T06:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gymbeam.com\/blog\/?p=295936"},"modified":"2023-03-24T12:35:36","modified_gmt":"2023-03-24T11:35:36","slug":"usain-bolt-jamajsky-sprinter-ktery-svymi-vykony-uchvatil-cely-svet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gymbeam.cz\/blog\/usain-bolt-jamajsky-sprinter-ktery-svymi-vykony-uchvatil-cely-svet\/","title":{"rendered":"Usain Bolt: Jamajsk\u00fd sprinter, kter\u00fd sv\u00fdmi v\u00fdkony uchv\u00e1til cel\u00fd sv\u011bt"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Usain Bolt pat\u0159\u00ed k nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00edm sportovc\u016fm planety. Na b\u011b\u017eeck\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze p\u0159ekonal n\u011bkolik sv\u011btov\u00fdch rekord\u016f a za svou kari\u00e9ru posb\u00edral celkem 8 zlat\u00fdch olympijsk\u00fdch medail\u00ed<\/strong>. Kdy\u017e skon\u010dil se z\u00e1vodn\u00edm b\u011bh\u00e1n\u00edm, nazul kopa\u010dky a vyzkou\u0161el si kari\u00e9ru fotbalisty. Jak tento fenomen\u00e1ln\u00ed sportovec tr\u00e9noval a jedl v dob\u011b sv\u00e9 nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sl\u00e1vy? I na to odpov\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00ed \u010dl\u00e1nek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Kdyby Bolt dal p\u0159ednost kriketu, sv\u011bt mohl b\u00fdt o jeho fenomen\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkony ochuzen<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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\"Usain
Autor fotografie: Fernando Fraz\u00e3o
https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Usain_Bolt_9th_Gold_Olympics_2016.jpg
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Usain St. Leo Bolt se narodil 21. srpna roku 1986 ve m\u011bst\u011b Sherwood Content, kde vyr\u016fstal se sv\u00fdm bratrem a sestrou. U\u017e v d\u011btstv\u00ed byl velice aktivn\u00ed a svou p\u0159ebyte\u010dnou energii vyb\u00edjel zejm\u00e9na hran\u00edm kriketu nebo fotbalu. Ji\u017e v \u00fatl\u00e9m v\u011bku se stal sport ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Usainova \u017eivota<\/strong> a brzy se za\u010dal projevovat tak\u00e9 jeho vrozen\u00fd talent. V 12 letech se nap\u0159\u00edklad stal nejrychlej\u0161\u00edm b\u011b\u017ecem \u0161koly ve 100metrov\u00e9m sprintu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole pokra\u010doval v hran\u00ed kriketu. Tren\u00e9r Dwight Barnett si ale brzy v\u0161iml Usainova b\u011b\u017eeck\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1lu a nal\u00e9hal na n\u011bj, aby se p\u0159idal k atletick\u00e9mu odd\u00edlu. Bolt jej na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed poslechl a za\u010dal se naplno v\u011bnovat tr\u00e9ninku sprintersk\u00fdch dovednost\u00ed. Ocitl se tak pod veden\u00edm b\u00fdval\u00e9ho olympionika Pabla McNeila. S n\u00edm tr\u00e9noval hlavn\u011b 200metrov\u00e9 sprinty. Brzy se za\u010dal zlep\u0161ovat a obsazovat p\u0159edn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dky na z\u00e1vodech. Dokonce se mu na t\u00e9to trase v pouh\u00fdch 15 letech poda\u0159ilo vyhr\u00e1t juniorsk\u00e9 mistrovstv\u00ed sv\u011bta. Za sv\u00e9 v\u00fdkony si dokonce vyslou\u017eil vcelku trefnou p\u0159ezd\u00edvku \u201cLightning Bolt\u201d,<\/strong> kter\u00e1 se ho dr\u017eela po celou kari\u00e9ru. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Jak dopadla Boltova prvn\u00ed olympi\u00e1da?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Prvn\u00ed \u0161anci zaz\u00e1\u0159it pod 5 kruhy dostal Bolt v roce 2004, kdy\u017e mu bylo 17 let. Z\u00e1vodilo se v \u0159eck\u00fdch Ath\u00e9n\u00e1ch, kde se v 19. stolet\u00ed historicky poprv\u00e9 konaly modern\u00ed olympijsk\u00e9 hry. To ale Usainovi bohu\u017eel moc \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed nep\u0159ineslo. Kv\u016fli zran\u011bn\u00ed nohy se mu toti\u017e ve vy\u0159azovac\u00edch kolech nepovedlo zab\u011bhnout \u010das, kter\u00fd by sta\u010dil na fin\u00e1le. Mlad\u00fd Bolt si tak musel na sv\u016fj olympijsk\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch je\u0161t\u011b po\u010dkat.<\/strong> <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Po n\u00e1vratu z Ath\u00e9n jej za\u010dal tr\u00e9novat Glen Mills, v t\u00e9 dob\u011b \u0161\u00e9ftren\u00e9r Jamajsk\u00e9ho atletick\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu. Bolt se zase za\u010dal zlep\u0161ovat a tou\u017eil napravit po\u0161ramocenou reputaci z olympi\u00e1dy. Bohu\u017eel ani dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00e1vody nedopadly tak, jak si Usain p\u0159edstavoval.<\/strong> Ve fin\u00e1lov\u00e9m b\u011bhu na mistrovstv\u00ed sv\u011bta v Helsink\u00e1ch se toti\u017e op\u011bt zranil a skon\u010dil posledn\u00ed. Kv\u016fli tomu mu Glen Mills lehce upravil tr\u00e9ninkov\u00fd pl\u00e1n. P\u0159idal Boltovi speci\u00e1ln\u00ed cviky na zlep\u0161en\u00ed flexibility, kter\u00e9 by mu m\u011bly pomoci sn\u00ed\u017eit riziko zran\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"Usain
Autor fotografie: sachab
https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Usain_Bolt_(9411835088).jpg<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u0165astn\u00e1 s\u00e1zka, kter\u00e1 Bolta vy\u0161vihla mezi elitn\u00ed stovka\u0159e<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Usain se nad\u00e1le v tr\u00e9ninku zam\u011b\u0159oval hlavn\u011b na 200metrov\u00e9 nebo 400metrov\u00e9 trasy. Ale v\u017edy tou\u017eil pom\u011b\u0159it sv\u00e9 s\u00edly s ostatn\u00edmi sprintery na \u201cstovce\u201d, nejkrat\u0161\u00ed sprintersk\u00e9 trati. To mu tren\u00e9r Mills kv\u016fli jeho pomalej\u0161\u00edm start\u016fm vymlouval. Bolt byl ale ne\u00fastupn\u00fd, a proto s n\u00edm tren\u00e9r ud\u011blal dohodu. Pokud se Usainovi v roce 2007 poda\u0159\u00ed z\u00edskat nov\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00ed rekord v z\u00e1vod\u011b na 200 metr\u016f, m\u016f\u017ee klidn\u011b vyzkou\u0161et stovku. Namotivovan\u00fd Bolt to zvl\u00e1dl a poko\u0159il 36 let star\u00fd jamajsk\u00fd rekord. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Brzy se potvrdilo, \u017ee Boltova \u00fa\u010dast na 100metrov\u00e9m sprintu byl dobr\u00fd tah. Na t\u00e9to vzd\u00e1lenosti toti\u017e exceloval a hned dok\u00e1zal konkurovat t\u011bm nejlep\u0161\u00edm. <\/strong>V roce 2008 se mu dokonce v New Yorku poda\u0159ilo porazit tehdej\u0161\u00ed sprinterskou hv\u011bzdu Tysona Gaye a stal se nov\u00fdm dr\u017eitelem sv\u011btov\u00e9ho rekordu na t\u00e9to trati. U\u017e tohle byl obrovsk\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch, ale ty nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzvy roku 2008 Usaina teprve \u010dekaly. Konala se toti\u017e olympi\u00e1da v Pekingu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Po vele\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 olympi\u00e1d\u011b v Pekingu znal Bolta cel\u00fd sv\u011bt<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V Pekingu si Usain tou\u017eil napravit reputaci z poka\u017een\u00e9 ath\u00e9nsk\u00e9 olympi\u00e1dy. A to se mu poda\u0159ilo ji\u017e v prvn\u00ed discipl\u00edn\u011b. Vyhr\u00e1l zlato na 100metrov\u00e9 trati. Pot\u00e9 nastoupil na dvoustovku, kterou tak\u00e9 p\u0159ed zraky cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta ovl\u00e1dl, a zlatou j\u00edzdu zavr\u0161il t\u00fdmovou v\u00fdhrou jamajsk\u00e9 \u0161tafety na 4×100 metr\u016f. T\u0159e\u0161ni\u010dkou na dortu bylo, \u017ee z\u00e1rove\u0148 na v\u0161ech t\u0159ech vyhran\u00fdch z\u00e1vodech vytvo\u0159il nov\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd rekord.<\/strong> D\u00edky vele\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9mu Pekingu se Usain Bolt stal sportovn\u00ed hv\u011bzdou sv\u011btov\u00e9ho form\u00e1tu. Po olympi\u00e1d\u011b uk\u00e1zal tak\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 srdce. Z v\u00fdhry toti\u017e v\u011bnoval 50 000 dolar\u016f na pomoc lidem z \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9 provincie Sichuan, kterou postihlo zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"Usain
Autor fotografie: Fernando Fraz\u00e3o
https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Usain_Bolt_Rio_2016.jpg<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

V Berl\u00edn\u011b se Bolt zapsal do historie sv\u011btov\u00fdm rekordem na 100 metr\u016f s \u010dasem 9,58 vte\u0159iny<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Po n\u00e1vratu z olympi\u00e1dy Bolt pokra\u010doval v tvrd\u00e9m tr\u00e9ninku, co\u017e se mu z\u00e1hy vyplatilo. V roce 2009 v Berl\u00edn\u011b stanovil nov\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd rekord v b\u011bhu na 100 metr\u016f. <\/strong>Vyhr\u00e1l s neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdm \u010dasem 9,58 sekund. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee Boltova rychlost na tomto z\u00e1vod\u011b byla p\u0159es 10 metr\u016f za sekundu. V pr\u016fm\u011bru tak \u201clet\u011bl rychlost\u00ed\u201d 37 kilometr\u016f za hodinu a v nejrychlej\u0161\u00edm \u00faseku dos\u00e1hl rychlosti p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 44 kilometr\u016f v hodin\u011b. Na stejn\u00e9m \u0161ampion\u00e1tu v Berl\u00edn\u011b se Boltovi tak\u00e9 poda\u0159ilo z\u00edskat nov\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd rekord na 200metrov\u00e9 trati.<\/strong> Tu ub\u011bhl v \u010dase 19,19 sekund.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Po olympi\u00e1d\u011b v Riu Bolt z\u00edskal zlat\u00fd triple-triple<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V roce 2012 se konala dal\u0161\u00ed olympi\u00e1da v Lond\u00fdn\u011b, na kter\u00e9 m\u011bl Bolt jasn\u00fd c\u00edl \u2013 obh\u00e1jit zlata z Pekingu. A to se mu taky poda\u0159ilo. Vyhr\u00e1l na stovce a dvoustovce, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e se stal prvn\u00edm sprinterem, kter\u00e9mu se poda\u0159ilo obh\u00e1jit v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed v obou t\u011bchto discipl\u00edn\u00e1ch<\/strong> na dvou po sob\u011b jdouc\u00edch olympi\u00e1d\u00e1ch. S dal\u0161\u00edmi \u010dleny jamajsk\u00e9 \u0161tafety se mu tak\u00e9 poda\u0159ilo zopakovat v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed ve \u0161tafetov\u00e9m z\u00e1vod\u011b na 4×100 metr\u016f. A v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed nebylo ledajak\u00e9, Jamaj\u010dan\u016fm se poda\u0159ilo nastolit nov\u00fd sv\u011btov\u00fd rekord s \u010dasem 36,84 sekund.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Za dal\u0161\u00ed 4 roky Bolta \u010dekala olympi\u00e1da v brazilsk\u00e9m Riu de Janeiru. I tam k ohromen\u00ed v\u0161ech div\u00e1k\u016f dok\u00e1zal obh\u00e1jit prvn\u00ed m\u00edsto ve v\u0161ech discipl\u00edn\u00e1ch. <\/strong>Vyhr\u00e1l tak 3 sprintersk\u00e9 discipl\u00edny na t\u0159ech po sob\u011b jdouc\u00edch olympi\u00e1d\u00e1ch, co\u017e se ozna\u010duje jako zlat\u00fd triple-triple. V roce 2017 mu ale bylo odebr\u00e1no olympijsk\u00e9 zlato ze \u0161tafety z roku 2008. D\u011blaly se toti\u017e op\u011btovn\u00e9 dopingov\u00e9 testy a vzorek jeho t\u00fdmov\u00e9ho kolegy Cartera obsahoval nepovolen\u00e9 l\u00e1tky. Od toho okam\u017eiku se Bolt u\u017e ziskem legend\u00e1rn\u00edho triple-triple nem\u016f\u017ee d\u00e1l chlubit. Nad\u00e1le v\u0161ak pat\u0159\u00ed mezi historicky nej\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed olympioniky,<\/strong> kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bli naprosto fenomen\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkony.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Jak dopadla Boltova fotbalov\u00e1 kari\u00e9ra?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V roce 2017 ukon\u010dil Bolt profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed sprinterskou kari\u00e9ru. Splnil si ji\u017e v\u0161echny sv\u00e9 c\u00edle a ztratil motivaci v z\u00e1vod\u011bn\u00ed pokra\u010dovat. Cht\u011bl ale je\u0161t\u011b ve sv\u011bt\u011b sportu z\u016fstat a p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lel, jakou cestou se vydat. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b si vzpomn\u011bl na sv\u016fj obl\u00edben\u00fd sport z ml\u00e1d\u00ed \u2013 fotbal. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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B\u011b\u017eeck\u00e9 tretry vym\u011bnil za kopa\u010dky a obl\u00e9kl fotbalov\u00fd dres<\/strong> australsk\u00e9ho fotbalov\u00e9ho klubu Central Coast Mariners. Nastoupil na p\u00e1r p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch z\u00e1pas\u016f, dal dva g\u00f3ly, ale brzy zjistil, \u017ee dal\u0161\u00ed Messi<\/a> z n\u011bj nejsp\u00ed\u0161 nebude. V roce 2018 si ale je\u0161t\u011b splnil sen a zahr\u00e1l si na stadionu obl\u00edben\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu Manchester United. Bylo to p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 70 000 div\u00e1ky p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti benefi\u010dn\u00edho utk\u00e1n\u00ed na podporu organizace UNICEF. V roce 2019 pak fotbalovou kari\u00e9ru pov\u011bsil na h\u0159eb\u00edk a sportuje u\u017e jen pro radost a udr\u017een\u00ed kondice. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Tr\u00e9nink a j\u00eddeln\u00ed\u010dek Usaina Bolta v dob\u011b nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sl\u00e1vy<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Za ziskem 8 olympijsk\u00fdch medail\u00ed nest\u00e1l jen Bolt\u016fv vrozen\u00fd talent a atletick\u00e1 postava. Po celou dobu sv\u00e9 kari\u00e9ry tvrd\u011b tr\u00e9noval a 6 dn\u00ed v t\u00fddnu cvi\u010dil dokonce dvouf\u00e1zov\u011b.<\/strong> Dopoledne jej typicky \u010dekala posilovna, kde se soust\u0159edil na st\u0159ed t\u011bla, v\u00fdbu\u0161nost a s\u00edlu doln\u00edch kon\u010detin. V tr\u00e9ninkov\u00e9m pl\u00e1nu mu nechyb\u011bly d\u0159epy<\/a>, mrtv\u00e9 tahy, v\u00fdskoky na bednu, ale ani bench press. Odpoledne pokra\u010doval v tr\u00e9ninku na b\u011b\u017eeck\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze. Tam s tren\u00e9rem pracoval na zlep\u0161en\u00ed sv\u00e9 techniky, rychlej\u0161\u00edch startech a udr\u017een\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed rychlosti. Po n\u011bkolika hodin\u00e1ch n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch tr\u00e9nink\u016f v\u011bnoval \u010das odpo\u010dinku. Zejm\u00e9na sp\u00e1nek Usain pova\u017eoval za extr\u00e9mn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd. Aby t\u011blu dop\u0159\u00e1l prostor pro regeneraci, sna\u017eil se <\/strong>denn\u011b sp\u00e1t<\/strong><\/a> minim\u00e1ln\u011b 8 a\u017e 10 hodin.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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B\u011bhem n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch tr\u00e9ninku sp\u00e1lilo Usainovo svalnat\u00e9 t\u011blo velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed kalori\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bylo pot\u0159eba doplnit. V dob\u011b profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed kari\u00e9ry nedr\u017eel Bolt \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed diety<\/strong> a j\u00eddlo mu zpravidla p\u0159ipravoval osobn\u00ed kucha\u0159. V jeho strav\u011b p\u0159evl\u00e1daly lehce straviteln\u00e9 sacharidov\u00e9 potraviny, jako je r\u00fd\u017ee<\/a>, brambory, t\u011bstoviny<\/a> nebo ovoce. Ty dopl\u0148oval vejci, rybami <\/a>nebo ku\u0159ec\u00edm masem<\/a>. P\u0159es den mezi tr\u00e9ninky Bolt zpravidla jedl p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b sacharidovou stravu, kter\u00e1 mu nezat\u00ed\u017eila tr\u00e1ven\u00ed, a mohl se tak zcela soust\u0159edit na sportovn\u00ed v\u00fdkon. V\u011bt\u0161\u00ed porce komplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch j\u00eddel s ned\u00edln\u00fdm obsahem b\u00edlkovin a zeleniny <\/a>jej \u010dekala a\u017e ve\u010der. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Usain
Autor fotografie: Puma SE
https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Usain_Bolt_2014-02-22_001.jpg <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b skv\u011ble zvl\u00e1dnut\u00fdch tr\u00e9nink\u016f a v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00e9 stravy Boltovi k \u00fasp\u011bchu pom\u00e1hala tak\u00e9 jeho nezdoln\u00e1 mentalita. <\/strong>V\u017edy m\u011bl vysok\u00e9 sebev\u011bdom\u00ed a u\u017e od ml\u00e1d\u00ed cht\u011bl b\u00fdt nejlep\u0161\u00ed. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se ale u\u010dil prohr\u00e1vat, proto\u017ee v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee to ke sportu pat\u0159\u00ed. Po celou kari\u00e9ru usiloval o to, aby si jej lid\u00e9 pamatovali a stal se legendou typu Muhammada Aliho. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Jak vypad\u00e1 sou\u010dasn\u00fd \u017eivot Usaina Bolta?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Po ukon\u010den\u00ed sportovn\u00ed kari\u00e9ry se Bolt v\u011bnuje podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. Tak\u00e9 je tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed zna\u010dky PUMA, kter\u00e1 v roce 2020 vydala speci\u00e1ln\u00ed edici tenisek s jeho podpisem. Tak\u00e9 je majitelem \u0159et\u011bzce restaurac\u00ed s jamajsk\u00fdm j\u00eddlem a v r\u00e1mci sv\u00e9 nadace pom\u00e1h\u00e1 lidem, kte\u0159\u00ed to pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed. Vede si spokojen\u00fd rodinn\u00fd \u017eivot se svou partnerkou Kasi Bennett, <\/strong>kter\u00e1 se \u017eiv\u00ed jako modelka. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Usain
Autor fotografie: Fernando Fraz\u00e3o
https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bolt_se_aposenta_com_medalha_de_ouro_no_4_x_100_metros_1039085-19.08.2016_frz-1119.jpg<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

V z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed roku 2021 vychov\u00e1vaj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b t\u0159i d\u011bti. Dceru s p\u0159\u00edhodn\u00fdm jm\u00e9nem Olympia Lightning a kluky dvoj\u010data, kter\u00e9 pojmenovali Thunder a Saint Leo. Mo\u017en\u00e1 z nich tak\u00e9 jednou vyrostou sprinte\u0159i sv\u011btov\u00e9ho form\u00e1tu. T\u0159eba dostanou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost p\u0159ekonat t\u00e1t\u016fv rekord na 100 a 200metrov\u00e9 sprintersk\u00e9 trase, kter\u00fd si v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed roku 2021 Usain Bolt st\u00e1le dr\u017e\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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